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In the course of my consulting and speaking at evangelism training workshops, I’ve encountered many churches that have very active outreach and community service programs:
- After school tutoring
- Shut in or Prisoner Visitation
- Habitat for Humanity work projects
- Medical outreaches for the community
- Participating in Crop Walks for Hunger Relief
- Food pantries, clinics, shelters for the homeless
These are just examples, and I am sure you can add hundreds more from your local community.
The questions I ask and we kick around in friendly discussion:
- Is that outreach?
- Is that evangelism?
- Is that home missions?
- Is that simply good deeds?
- Is that missional outreach?
- Is that marketing in disguise?
- Is that a demonstration of God’s love?
A cup of cold water
What is clear is that we have blurred the line between evangelism and outreach. Discussions I’ve had bounce all over the map.
In some corners of the church, this is evangelism because it demonstrates the gospel. No explanation needed.
Other corners argue this not evangelism because the gospel is not verbally shared. It’s simply social action.
Depends on how you define your terms.
Acts of Christian service and charity, social outreach to your community are good and noble efforts. Many are propelled theologically by the parable of the sheep and the goats (Matthew 25:31-46), giving a cup of cold water to the least of these.
Yet what is it that separates your Christian service from that of the local Rotary club?
What makes your acts of compassion different from my atheist friend who does community service through the Peace Corps?
How does the recipient know the difference?
How do the recipients of your outreach interpret or give meaning to your outreach?
Meaning is not always clear
My friends in Panama tell me this story.
Panama Olympian Irving Saladino won the first ever gold medal for this country during the 2008 Summer Olympics in Bejing.
The last medal won was 60 years ago and it was bronze. Irving Saladino won the gold in the Long Jump competition.
During his jumps, nationally televised in Panama around 6.30 am, the nation was at a virtual standstill. People were watching it in groups at friend’s houses. Taxi drivers had pulled over to side of the road to listen to the radio. Everyone it seemed, went to work late.
On his two or three jumps, he wore one red shoe and one blue shoe, reflecting the national team colors. However, on his next to last jump, he changed his shoes to a gold color.
The commentators and “man on the street” interviews all got excited:
- “He’s going for the gold”
- “He’s put on his lucky shoes”
- “He’s telling us this will be the gold medal jump.”
They were applying meaning to the color change of shoes.
That jump turned out to be the gold medal winning jump.
The country erupted in celebration. Facebook photos from my friends show lots of celebrations, cheering, and national happiness. People on the street celebrated by blowing their car horns in celebration. Crowds formed spontaneously on the street. National productivity of the workforce shut down for the day as Panama won its first ever gold medal.
The meaning of the shoes?
When asked by a reporter about what he was trying to communicate with his shoes, Saladino mentioned
that the laces in his red and blue pair got tangled up and he didn’t have the time to fix it.
He put on his gold colored backup shoes so he wouldn’t be disqualified for being late to the starting line.
Very different meaning than what the nation watching on live television thought.
People gave it meaning based on their hopes, dreams, and worldview.
Meaning is given if not provided
Bring that back to your church’s outreach.
What might your recipients think about your outreach?
How can they tell that it is a “Cup of Cold Water given in My Name?”
In a post Wrestling with the Definition of Evangelism I mention:
Just this week, the dental assistant told me that it feels good to help people.
I asked her “Why?” No immediate answer, but enough to have her reflect.
She’s unchurched. She didn’t know why people had black spots on their heads last Wednesday [for Ash Wednesday].
She could serve the poor, work for the Peace Corp, or any of the national volunteer mobilization organizations. She simply feels good. that altruistic motive propels many people.
But to the recipient, what separates her good service from that of the church? How does the recipient know it is “In My Name?”
In my experience, meaning is naturally given if not supplied by the giver.
Outreach in partnership with Evangelism
John Stott asks the question in Christian Mission in the Modern World.
Is social action (thanks to Timmy Brister for summary)
- A Means to evangelism
- A Manifestation of evangelism
- A Partner of Evangelism
Mark Dever has an interesting piece in Christianity Today, also points out what “What Evangelism Isn’t.” (adapted from his book The Gospel and Personal Evangelism). Evangelism is not social action or public involvement (”They commend the gospel, but they share it with no one.”)
In What is Evangelism? – Part 3, which focuses on the “sharing” part of our Evangelism Definition, I mention:
During a health outreach our church did for its neighborhood, one unchurched person commented, “I don’t like to listen to sermons, today I saw one.”
Our service to the community was interpreted as we wanted – a tangible demonstration of the love of Christ that we have for our neighborhood.
It’s a witness to the world thru actions.
Yet that interpretation came about because we gathered all the volunteers at the beginning and I explained to them why we as a church are doing this outreach.
We are serving because God first loved us and we want to demonstrate that to the community.
Good works demonstrate our faith.
Yet without any overt or clear explanation that our actions are propelled by God’s grace, what makes our good deed any different than what the local Lions club does or what good corporate citizens provide through their charitable foundations?
It’s not an either/or proposition for me. Both social action and explanation via words are necessary forms of sharing.
Deeds are love demonstrated, but a further explanation of the gospel is necessary to give meaning to our actions. Otherwise, our actions are ripe for misinterpretation.
Practically what does this mean?
Many churches are actively engaged in good works in their community.
Yet can their members explain their personal faith along the way?
Can churches train their members to grow comfortable talking about their faith with the people they are serving?
What if, as part of the planning for outreach events, the church provided a training opportunity about talking about your faith?
What if, as part of praying for the outreaches, the church also prayed that conversations about Jesus would happen?
What if, as part of serving the community, the people were able to provide meaning of their service by talking about their personal relationship with Christ?
These questions are on my mind as I prepare for the upcoming Transformation Pastor’s Conference.
I will be presenting on what does Evangelism look like in a church that is undergoing revitalization or redevelopment. One of my co presenters will be speaking of the missional direction of the church and the need for evangelism.
Let me ask you this?
Think about your church’s outreach.
In what ways can your church provide meaning to the recipients through the verbal sharing of your faith?
I invite your comments and reflections below.
Comments (0) Posted on Thursday, August 28th, 2008
I’ve written in the past about the connection between Christian Hospitality and Evangelism, particularly as to the connection to welcoming first time visitors.
I’ve published stories of being a first time church visitor and experiences of welcoming church visitors:
But I want to develop a little more depth on hospitality with regards to helping welcome church visitors who may be coming for the first time.
The Definition of Christian Hospitality
In this context then let me define Christian hospitality as
Taking the initiative to welcome others and
inviting others to share in our community life.
This extends beyond our group gatherings for worship but a welcome in:
- our small groups
- our families
- our home
- our lives
This definition is much broader than evangelism.
It speaks to
- Our small group life,
- Our corporate worship life
- How we treat other people in general
- How connected we feel to the local church body
- How we get along as members of the body of Christ,
- The potential depths of our relationship with one another.
However, for our purposes here at EvangelismCoach.org, we’ll focus specifically on the connection between Christian Hospitality and Evangelism.
Learn from the Hospitality Industry
All sorts of corporations that interact with the public have studied hospitality, implement training programs to improve their public interaction, and spend millions on hospitality consultants.
We see its effects in store personnel trying to greet us as we walk in the door, training customer service reps to speak gently on the phone and check out clerks that smile (in many stores anyway).
These corporations want you to remember the good experience that you’ve had in their presence and will likewise want to return. They want to remove potential bad experiences so that you willingly spend money on their product, experience, or merchandise. By creating a “good experience,” you’ll want to return and spend more.
While the church is not to imitate a corporation, nor even mimic one, nor our our worship services a product to be sold or even consumed, a good question for the church is:
How can the local church lower the barriers to hearing the message that will be proclaimed?
Christian Hospitality is only one tool in the church’s ability to be evangelistic. It is not the only tool and should not be confused with evangelism itself.
Rather hospitality can lower and remove the potential barriers that can harm the gospel message during the worship service.
Christian Hospitality is part of Pre-Evangelism
As I think of my experience visiting churches for the first time, and as I’ve listened to others who have made first time stranger visits, one thing has consistently risen to the surface.
Lots of anecdotal evidence suggests that the ability of a first time visitor to connect to the worship service was directly impacted by the warmth of the welcome experienced.
- When no one says hello, the perceived coldness hinders your ability to remember what the sermon was about.
- When people are staring at you for not dressing right, you want to hide, but feel trapped. Can’t pay attention.
In both examples, the ability of the first time hearer to interact with the sermon (the central part of most worship experiences) is hindered.
However, when a guest is given a warm welcome, a greater openness and ability to engage and comprehend the sermon remains in place and a greater likelihood (from a human point of view) of greater connection to the local church during that stage of their spiritual journey.
A warm welcome is thus part of the pre-evangelism work necessary in a church’s mission to help people find faith in Christ.
Do You Welcome Church Visitors?
Take a personal moment and examine your heart on this matter.
How do you come across to others?
When people meet you for the first time, how do you think they perceive your personality, disposition or attitude?
When you extend a hand to shake when a guest walks through the church’s front door, are they interrupting your conversation with someone else, or do you offer them genuine interest along with a hand shake (a typical greeting in the US)?
How do you treat the unknown person who sits next to you during the worship service?
How do you welcome the visitor who sits behind you, or in front of you?
Do you
- Ignore them?
- Talk around them?
- Look at them and say nothing?
- Take the initiative to greet them?
Remember, we are Christ’s ambassadors (2 Corinthians 5.20). Our actions and reactions communicate who we are and who we represent.
Let me ask you this:
- What can you do to develop a better willingness to welcome church visitors?
- What hinders Christian Hospitality from working in my life in general?
Comments (3) Posted on Monday, August 4th, 2008
During the 18 months that EvangelismCoach has been up and running, I’ve written several articles on the definition of evangelism. Every now and then, it’s helpful to bring something out of the archives and bring it back in front of new readers.
Here is a link summary for you:
Comments (0) Posted on Thursday, May 1st, 2008
As mentioned in one of the prior define evangelism articles, we shared a brief description of the Gospel from Scot McKnight’s book Embracing Grace: A Gospel for All of Us (order from Amazon).
I have finished reading McKnight’s book and want to share some of my thoughts on it. Prof. McKnight was one of my professors when I was in seminary at Trinity Evangelical Divinity School, and he is a prolific blogger at www.Jesuscreed.org
The takeaway point is that the gospel is not only about individual conversion, but the fruit of the gospel in the life of an individual should work itself out in the transformational development of a community in advancing the evidence of God’s kingdom.
What is the gospel?
He defines the gospel as “embracing grace.” Yet behind that definition is a book of over 170 pages to tease it out via stories, examples from lives of others, and personal testimony, and lots of Bible quotes to keep the development of his definition anchored in the Bible.
What I found refreshing was the fact that the gospel is not just about individual decisions to follow Christ. McKnight carefully lay’s out how the gospel affects more than just the individual’s relationship with God. It spills over into community — working towards changing the world, which eventually spills into the ultimate redemption of creation.
The fact that McKnight doesn’t keep the gospel confined to an individual conversion speaks towards the trend in evangelism to integrate a person’s conversion with the outward working of that faith. That’s missional faith. To embrace grace personally should lead to grace performed in the local community. Several chapters show the connection in real live examples of how “proclamation and performance of an authentic gospel combine into credibility.”
McKnight introduces us to the term “Eikon,” referring to the image of God after which humans are created. We are cracked icons, our community is full of cracked eikons. Embracing grace allows cracked Eikons to be released into serving their community and sharing that same grace with others.
Order Embracing Grace: A Gospel for All of Us from Amazon.
Let me ask you this?
What do you think is the relationship between the gospel and transformation of a community? I invite you to share it here in the comments.
Comments (0) Posted on Friday, January 11th, 2008
I wrote the following essay to a friend while I was traveling to a friend’s funeral two years ago. It covers several points around what is evangelism. Is it more than four points and a prayer?
I’ve edited it slightly for time references and removed some personal matters, but thought I’d share this here. I invite your comments.
Letter to a friend:
This morning, I’m in Cincinnati to attend the funeral of a friend who died of cancer. 18 months ago, a cancerous tumor was found during pregnancy, and my friend had the choice – whose life to save. She chose her daughter’s. Her daughter was born 18 months ago, and Tuesday, the mom died. 35 years old. No insurance, no money for treatment, they simply let the cancer run its course. The funeral is in about 3 hours from now . . . . 
Last night, I also caught up with a friend from Middle School whom I’ve stayed in touch with. She lives in Cincinnati with her husband and 6 year old daughter. It’s because of her that I became a Christian. Twenty years ago, she got sick with mono and I found faith in Christ because she wasn’t around to distract me.
She and her husband have recently returned to the kingdom of God about 1 year ago thru the Alpha course at the Cincinnati vineyard, where they have joined and are actively involved in servant evangelism. We had dinner together with her family and had a few moments to thank God for bringing each of us faith in his son Jesus. My friend has a storied history of [only] God knows what else, but she has found healing in Christ. She has been made whole, and new. Has a loving husband and a miracle baby who died during delivery but was resuscitated after the emergency C-Section.
Moving Towards Redemption
God has woven these individual stories together (my middle school friend, my dead friend). Our stories have intersected over the years, but have all been moving in the direction of redemption.
My friend’s husband will grow in his “fatherness” for his 3 daughters under the age of 5. He’ll have to rely on the Lord and will become a great reflection of the Father’s love. The community that surrounds him will demonstrate the power of Christian community – the way it’s supposed to be. – loving one another as a demonstration of God’s love.
My middle school friend is continuing to find joy in serving the kingdom. Her marriage was threatened last year, but now with a bedrock of faith, they came thru it. She told me last night, that had it not been for God and the community of faith, she would have been divorced by now, likely drunk, and drugged, and unemployed. They have come thru it – husband stuck by her side — and will become a source of faith for their 6 year old daughter. Husband and wife come from broken households, yet they will not pass that along for their daughter. God is redeeming them and breaking the cycle
for a new generation.
“Life is pain, your highness. Anyone who tells you differently is selling something” – Princess Bride.
Hope in Suffering
I’m more convinced than ever that life apart from faith in God’s grace would be an unbearable way to endure suffering.
Yet I am also convinced that God is not a spiritual placebo. He’s not the tooth fairy or Peter Pan, or just an imaginary friend we create to endure. I am convinced of this because I can point to my relationship with Him. It’s 20 years of mystery (march of ‘85), but rock solid certainty. My experiences develop my trust so that in the midst of suffering, I can still trust him.
This mysterious trust is as strong as the covenant of my marriage.
There is no doubt that I will cling to him, and He to me. God is real – there is no doubt in my mind. I can’t explain it. I feel it. I can’t defend God’s existence other than “I just know.” There is a witness in me that declares “Abba Father.” This is the mystery of Christianity – the security of knowing that I belong to Him, even in my struggles, and today, my grief.
My dead friend, lying in the casket this day, knew Him, and is indeed rejoicing in the presence of angels.
God is relevant
Defending or explaining Christianity in this culture is not a matter of bullet point proposition.
It’s a matter of mystery, relevance, and personal story.
While it’s true that we need propositions to explain our belief, the propositions describe reality that we discover and find the bible describes reality.
Witness is more than just proclaiming four points out of a tract. Our storytelling has to demonstrate our own personal discovery.
Evangelism today has to tell the current story – what is God doing today that makes the gospel good news.
What is God doing in my life right now that helps me through my friend’s death, my friends new life in Christ, and when I walk thru the weight loosing anxiety of a bad real estate decision? These are current stories – new stories of God at work in my life. This makes the gospel good news.
Current stories hit at the issue of relevant. Is God relevant today? A band called Live once sang “I heard about this man Jesus, but what a man who lived 2000 years ago means to me today, I don’t know” Not an exact quote, but close enough.
Is God Relevant?
What I see as I engage people in spiritual conversation is the buried question – Is God relevant. The church has been so marginalized by our culture, that we truly live with an unchurched generation.
“The church is not relevant, so God must not be.”
Yet, upon further examination, people play with crystals and stare at the stars and listen to rivers and read tea leaves because they are so alone – alone in the cosmic sense – a speck of microscopic dust in the universe, as insignificant as a water molecule rushing through the Grand Canyon.
There is still a longing for God deep in the heart. The heart knows that God is relevant, the heart yearns to be in touch with God, the heart knows there is a brokenness between itself and God that needs to be reconciled.
Yet God doesn’t have call-in radio show nor is he Dr. Phil. But the message from the church has not been clear.
The proclaimers of the message that have made it cloudy with confusion, cliché driven trendy spirituality, and the absurdity of the prosperity gospel on TV – get rich with God. Most recently, pronouncements by people like Dobson, Falwell, and Robertson about evangelical power and influence have only smothered people’s spiritual quest as a reaction to not be like them.
They don’t want to be Republican, just be in touch with God, yet God’s messengers create frothy cloudiness.
Is a four point Gospel script enough?
I wonder if we need to wrestle with the question: “What is evangelism?” 
The “modern” way is to lay out four points – to make a logical bullet point presentation and ask for a rational decision.
The “post modern way” is to help people along in the next step of their spiritual journey, recognizing that belief is discovered.
There are other twists to the question, but I think it’s one that is worth asking.
There are times for four points and a prayer. There are many times when its not.
Is the goal of evangelism
- conversion (a rational agreement to a set of statements), or
- discipleship (following the way of Jesus – whether beginning, discovering, or continuing).
I probably even make these contrasts too cut and dry.
The Way of the Master
Evangelism as has been taught over the years has been four points and a decision.
Yet Jesus never seemed to lay out four points. He didn’t give four points to the fisherman and his partners – just a radical command to come and follow.
As I look in the gospels, I seem Jesus telling stories that leave people thinking. “What happened to the older son who was jealous about the younger son’s return” (Luke 15)? The story begs self-examination, leaves the hearer with a tension – “Who am I like?” The self-examination leads a person to spiritual discovery.
I see him asking questions of the heart as in the story of the Good Samaritan, or talking with the woman at the well.
I see him forgiving people.
A prostitute who hears “come unto me all ye who are weary and heavy laden, and I will give you rest” finds forgiveness and anoints the feet of Jesus with perfume and her tears. She was forgiven much, she loves much. So much that she breaks all sorts of social protocol and wrecks someone’s dinner.
To a woman caught in adultery – Who condemns you, neither do I. To a teenager broken over sex outside of marriage – there is hope in that story that she can be restored to God.
I see him seeking after people, Zacchaeus in a tree. With a little sanctified imagination, I can imagine that Matthew was at that dinner as well, a life transformed as a witness to Zacchaeus.
The four points we typically outline are not recorded in any whole outline in the teachings of Jesus. He invites people to come and see, come and follow.
Peter struggled with his faith all thru the gospel of Mark and didn’t seem to fully comprehend it till Paul rebuked him (Galatians). In Acts, he comprehends some of it, but even with his visit to Cornelius, he still had discovered all the implications of following Jesus.
This seems to me to be the language of storytelling, discovery, self-examination, and following without fully understanding.
I wonder how we as Christians can recapture that sense of invitation: “come and see this man” (Samaritan), “Come and see” (Nathaniel), “Come unto Me” (Jesus). How as a church can we create that place where people can investigate, explore, and discover?
What is evangelism?
I come back to the central question – do we need to wrestle with “what is evangelism?”
Some methodologies try to convince someone they are a sinner, convince someone they need forgiveness, and convince them thru proof-texts that Jesus can forgive them if they pray to him. Sometimes it seems like we are a talking infomercial for God. “All this, not for 19.95, but for free, but wait, there’s more . .. “
Is evangelism conversations or conversion?
Do we count conversions, or count conversations – for those who need to count something?
What is evangelism, more particularly, in the power of the Holy Spirit – to re-anchor the question.
What form does listening evangelism take in my life, in yours, in the people we will have the privilege of being with next month?
For me, it is clearly listening to the Holy Spirit, for the right question or the right story that will lead to self-examination. As you heard me say before, it’s the question that creates spiritual dry mouth – and a self-propelled quest to answer that thirst. It’s engaging people in spiritual conversation and listening to the Holy Spirit for the right question. Some may consider this similar to counseling – asking questions.
One man told me that I was acting like a pastor to prodigals by doing evangelism this way. Perhaps.
Maybe this is why God has enabled me to engage in the culture so much. I see the eternal questions being asked in music, in film. Using such visual parables enables me to ask questions of the heart.
Two different stories
Just this week, the dental assistant told me that it feels good to help people. I asked her “Why?” No immediate answer, but enough to have her reflect. She’s unchurched, and so unchurched, she didn’t know why people had black spots on their heads last Wednesday [for Ash Wednesday].
The woman who cut my hair yesterday told me that she follows a principle that she discovered in a book, a true-crime novel about a deranged preacher who murdered his family (or something like that). She think that “something good always comes back to you from the bizarrest of circumstances. You’ll find the right way if you are true.” I asked here where she got that belief and she told me it came from such a book. She’s looking for guidance in her life and she’s seeking after a true-crime novel for guidance.
Evangelism is . . .
I bet that if we had 100 people, we’d have one hundred definitions of evangelism. I recently heard one say to me
“Evangelism is finding the Presbyterians in my neighborhood.”
Well meaning perhaps, but that’s only an egg hunt for the right colored egg.
Evangelism is more than telling your testimony of faith.
It’s more than proclaiming a set of propositions.
But how do we say it’s more than proclaiming and persuading?
End of story
Let me ask you this
How do you describe evangelism?
Is it more than proposition, is it more than persuading and or proclaiming?
Comments (1) Posted on Thursday, January 10th, 2008
Our definition of evangelism (from the PCUSA) has both:
- A message to share (”joyfully sharing the good news of the sovereign love of God)
- A destination (”calling people to . . . . . “)
The good news is the gospel. This is what gospel means in its most basic form: “good news.”
However, we have developed a rich theological heritage around that word that gives it a more fuller meaning. As such, we should ask “What is the gospel?”
What is the Gospel?
The PC USA definition of evangelism elaborates one aspect: “the good news of the sovereign love of God.” It doesn’t contain a mention of sin (though indirectly in the call to action part in “to repentance”).
This week, I’m reading Embracing Grace: A Gospel for All of Us, Scott McKnight. It is subtitled “A Gospel for all of us.” Scott is a prolific writer at www.JesusCreed.org and has a large following on his blog. I had him as a exegesis professor during my studies at Seminary in the 1990s. I’ve commented on him before (see category Scott McKnight).
In his introduction he writes that to get a conversation started among his students, he’ll ask the question “What is the gospel?”
He typically receives answers that fall into three categories:
- Jesus came to earth to die for my sins so I can be forgiven and go to heaven to be with God for eternity.
- Jesus came to liberate us from oppression, systemic evil, slavery, so there would be justice and peace.
- Being part of the church.
How does Scott’s answer the question? It takes him the book to develop this:
“The work of God to restore humans to union with God and communion with others, in the context of a community, for the good of others and the world” (Introduction to Embracing Grace: A Gospel for All of Us, xiii).
Scott’s answer goes beyond focus on the love of God and into restoration of covenant community.
In fact, God’s destiny in history is a redeemed community (I’ll have more to say in a few weeks about this).
Let me ask you this?
How would you define gospel? (I can’t believe I’ve not asked this question here before). I invite your comments.
See our prior posts
Comments (3) Posted on Friday, January 4th, 2008
As the new year begins, I want to revisit a working definition of evangelism. For some background as to what we have used as a definition of evangelism, read our evangelism definition from April of 07.
To recall, I use the PC (USA)’s definition of evangelism
Joyfully sharing the good news of the sovereign love of God, and calling people to repentance, to personal faith in Jesus Christ as Savior and Lord, to active membership in the church, and to obedient service in the world. (Definition adopted by the 202nd General Assembly of the PCUSA, 1990).
Mark Dever has an interesting piece in Christianity Today called “What Evangelism Isn’t.” It is adapted from his book The Gospel and Personal Evangelism.
What Evangelism Is Not:
- Imposition
- Personal Testimony
- Social Action and Public Involvement (”They commend the gospel, but they share it with no one.”)
- Apologetics
- The Results of Evangelism
To his list I would add
All of these items (maybe with the exception of Imposition) all support the work of evangelism, but individually, they fall short of the destination — calling people to repentance, to personal faith in Jesus Christ as Savior and Lord, to active membership in the church and obedient service in the world.
This is the point Dever makes repeatedly in the article: “We need to stop mistaking other Christian activities for the spreading of the gospel.”
I would take issue perhaps with one of Dever’s assertions: Imposition.
It’s important to understand that the message you are sharing is not merely an opinion but a fact. That’s why sharing the gospel can’t be called an imposition, any more than a pilot can impose his belief on all his passengers that the runway is here and not there.
This would be true if a conversation only involved one side: the speaker. But a conversation involves both a speaker and a hearer. The hearer sets the boundary. Either they want to hear what you have to share, or they don’t. If they don’t, and you continue to speak, it’s an imposition.
Sure, I may be presenting a Christian gospel, but if its unwanted by my hearer, I am imposing.
Let me ask you this?
- If you have read the article, do you agree or disagree with Dever?
- What would you add to his list?
I invite you to comment.
Comments (5) Posted on Thursday, January 3rd, 2008